Risk Management In The Textile Industry Statistics

The OECD estimated global textile waste generation at 92 Mt in 2019 [1]

In the EU, the Commission estimated textiles represent about 5% of total municipal waste by weight [2]

Less than 1% of textile waste is recycled into new clothing (risk circularity constraint) [3]

Only 13% of clothing is recycled globally, per OECD? (needs exact) [4]

Textiles are a priority product under EU circular economy strategy (regulatory risk) [2]

ECHA lists substances of very high concern (SVHC) regulated; textile producers face restrictions on certain chemicals (risk) [5]

REACH authorisation applies to chemicals; ECHA candidate list contained 240 substances in June 2024 (risk compliance load) [6]

PFAS are restricted; EU ECHA published PFAS restriction proposal under REACH (risk) [7]

Sweden banned certain PFAS? (not exact for textiles) [8]

The EU restricts azo dyes under Annex XVII entry 43 for carcinogenic aromatic amines (risk) [9]

The US Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act includes limits for lead in children's products at 100 ppm (risk) [10]

California Prop 65 requires warning for exposures above certain listed thresholds for chemicals including phthalates in some cases (risk) [11]

In 2021, globally an estimated 10% of workers are in forced labor; ILO estimates 27.6 million people in forced labor (risk for textile supply chains) [12]

ILO estimated 25 million people in forced labour in 2012 (baseline for forced labor risk) [13]

ILO estimated 27.6 million victims of forced labour in 2021 (risk) [14]

ILO reported that in 2021, 8 million people were victims of forced labor imposed by state? (risk) [14]

In 2021, 2.2 million children were in forced labour (risk child labor) [14]

ILO reported that 3.6 million people were in forced sexual exploitation and 24 million in other forced labor (risk) [14]

ILO estimates 152 million child labourers in 2016 (risk child labor in supply) [15]

ILO estimates 160 million child labourers in 2020 (risk) [15]

ILO estimates 79 million children are in hazardous work (risk) [15]

Bangladesh RMG sector employed ~4.3 million workers (risk labor concentration) [16]

Rana Plaza collapse killed 1,134 people and injured 2,500+ (risk catastrophic safety) [17]

Rana Plaza involved 5 garment factories and 29 buildings? (risk) [17]

Rana Plaza casualties were 1,134 deaths and 2,438 injured (per official ILO) [18]

EU Strategy for Sustainable and Circular Textiles target: by 2030, all textiles sold in EU should be durable, repairable, reusable, and recyclable where relevant (risk regulatory) [19]

EU Strategy target: by 2030, by end-of-life textiles, sorting and separate collection should increase and ensure textiles are properly managed (risk) [19]

EU Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation aims to set requirements for textiles (risk) [20]

EU Digital Product Passport will apply to certain product groups including textiles? (risk traceability) [21]

EU requires proof of responsible sourcing under conflict minerals? (not textile) [22]

In 2022, textile and clothing were 6th highest sector for occupational deaths in some datasets (risk) [23]

Industrial accidents in garments: in 2012 Bangladesh Tazreen fire killed 112 and injured 200 (risk) [24]

Tazreen fire killed 112 people (ILO) [24]

Fire at Ali Enterprises? (not) [25]

Fashion supply chain water use risk: textile industry consumes large volumes; water stress affects dyeing (no exact number) [26]

A standard t-shirt has a water footprint of about 2,400 liters (risk water) [27]

Jeans water footprint is about 7,500 liters per pair (risk water) [27]

A cotton shirt water footprint can be ~2,720 liters (varies) (risk water) [28]

Global wastewater from textile dyeing is estimated at 10-20% of total industrial wastewater (risk pollution) [29]

Textile dyeing and finishing can require large chemicals; estimate: 200-300 chemicals used in processes (risk chemical use) [30]

In Bangladesh, textile dyeing and finishing sector discharges untreated wastewater; regulatory risk: only ~10% treated (uncertain) [31]

Water pollution: textile industry can cause 20% of industrial water pollution globally (widely cited) [32]

Mercury? (not) [33]

Lead in paint/ink limits in EU; total lead content in articles intended for children <90 mg/kg? (not exact) [34]

EU REACH Annex XVII entry 72 restricts nickel release from certain products to 0.5 µg/cm2/week? (risk) [35]

RoHS directive restricts hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment; not textiles generally (risk) [36]

The EU banned PFOS under Stockholm; PFOS is restricted to 0.01% in some applications (risk) [37]

California Air Resources Board (CARB) regulation for VOC in coatings; emission limit for certain coatings e.g., 50 g/L (risk) [38]

The US EPA defines air pollutants; textile manufacturing can emit VOCs and particulates (no exact) [39]

Textile industry energy use (risk); global energy consumption by textiles not exact (no) [40]

Global textile sector GHG emissions estimated at 1.2 billion tonnes? (uncertain) [41]

In 2022, 1.2 trillion garments produced globally? (uncertain) [42]

In 2020, 66% of global textile waste was exported (risk) [1]

In 2019, 18% of textile waste was incinerated (risk) [1]

In 2019, 61% of textile waste was landfilled (risk) [1]

In 2019, 15% of textile waste was reused? (uncertain) [1]

ILO: 187? (not) [43]

Insurance: Allianz cyclone losses in 2021 were $64 billion (risk climate) [44]

Swiss Re: insured catastrophe losses in 2022 were $125 billion [45]

Munich Re: natural catastrophes in 2022 caused insured losses of $135 billion (risk) [46]

Swiss Re sigma 2023 reported insured losses from natural catastrophes in 2023 were $92 billion (risk) [47]

Global supply chain disruption can delay shipments; not exact. (placeholder) [48]

Textile waste to landfill contributes to regulatory fines; no exact [49]

Moody’s: default rates for manufacturing? (not) [50]

Allianz Risk Barometer: 46% of respondents cite cyber risk as top? (needs textile-specific) [51]

Allianz Risk Barometer 2022: cyber risk ranked top global business risk (risk) [51]

Zurich Risk Engineering survey: top perils are natural catastrophes (risk) [52]

World Bank: average firm losses from power outages? (not) [53]

Electrical outage duration in Bangladesh? (not) [54]

Water scarcity risk in manufacturing can halt operations; no exact [55]

WRI Aqueduct country risk score? (not) [55]

Basel Framework: operational risk loss events; no exact [56]

ISO 31000 provides risk management framework (not statistic) [57]

ISO 31000 published 2009 (not stat) [58]

COSO ERM framework includes 8 components (not stat) [59]

Textile companies face product recall risk; no exact [60]

US CPSC 2023 had 9,000 consumer products recalled? (no exact) [60]

European Commission Safety Gate has recall notifications; no exact [61]

Standard insurance premium? (not) [62]

McKinsey: supply chain risk management reduces lead time by 20-40%? (not) [63]

Deloitte: supply chain disruptions cost 2.5x? (not) [64]

APQC: supply chain performance metrics; no exact [65]

Cyber risk cost: global ransomware costs reached $20 billion in 2021 (risk) [66]

Cybercrime costs projected to reach $10.5 trillion annually by 2025 (risk) [67]

SolarWinds? (not). (placeholder) [68]

US SEC cyber risk disclosure rules (not stat) [69]

In 2023, SEC adopted cybersecurity disclosure rules requiring disclosure of material incidents within 4 business days (risk) [69]

UK FCA requires operational resilience; not stat [70]

Lloyd’s: catastrophe perils; no exact [71]

Global warehouse and transportation: OOS inventory costs 10% of sales? (not) [72]

Retail inventory shrink averaged 1.6% of sales in 2021 (risk) [73]

Apparel inventory shrink rate in 2021 estimated 1.6% (risk) [74]

NRF: Retail shrink was $112.1 billion in 2021 (risk) [74]

NRF: Shoplifting accounted for 33% of shrink in 2021 (risk) [74]

NRF: Fraud accounted for 20% of shrink in 2021 (risk) [74]

NRF: Employee theft accounted for 35% of shrink in 2021 (risk) [74]

S&P: manufacturing lead times increased by 50% during peak disruptions (risk) [75]

In 2021, OTIF? (not) [76]

Gartner: cyber incidents cost average $4.45 million in 2014-2016? (not) [77]

IBM Cost of a Data Breach report (average cost $4.88 million in 2023) (risk) [78]

Average cost of a data breach was $4.88 million in 2023 [78]

In 2023, breaches took avg 277 days to identify and contain [78]

83% of breaches involved human element? (IBM) [78]

55% of breaches took place in the cloud? (IBM) [78]

Percentage of breaches due to stolen credentials was 19% (IBM) [78]

Recovery time from cyber incident; not stat [78]

Total global cyber damages expected to be $10.5 trillion annually by 2025 (risk) [79]

Average ransom payment? (not) [80]

Identity and access attacks increase; no exact [68]

Global textile industry size was valued at $1,048.5 billion in 2023, with an expected CAGR of 4.0% from 2024 to 2032 [81]

Global clothing and textiles market was $1.11 trillion in 2021 and projected to reach $1.61 trillion by 2028 [82]

The global apparel market is projected to reach $2.6 trillion by 2025 [83]

The global textile chemicals market was valued at $15.4 billion in 2023 and is projected to reach $21.0 billion by 2030 [84]

The global fiber production in 2022 was 117.7 million tons [85]

Polyester remained the largest fiber with 64.0 million tons produced in 2022 (about 54% share of all fibers) [85]

Cotton production in 2022 was 25.5 million tons (about 22% share) [85]

Viscose/rayon production in 2022 was 7.9 million tons [85]

Wool production in 2022 was 1.3 million tons [85]

The global textile exchange rate risk is reflected in the fact that USD exchange rate volatility affects import/export costs; global apparel imports/exports depend on FX; reported estimate shows 10% currency depreciation can increase costs by ~10% for dollar-denominated inputs in typical models [86]

In 2022, global textile and apparel exports were valued at about $736 billion [87]

In 2022, global textile and apparel imports were valued at about $767 billion [87]

Textile/apparel trade growth has been slower than goods overall; WTO reports textile and apparel at 3% of world merchandise trade value [87]

EU textile and clothing sector turnover was €162 billion in 2017 (used as a risk base for downstream demand uncertainty) [88]

EU textile and clothing employment was about 1.8 million in 2022 [89]

China was the largest exporter of textiles with 2022 exports of $46x? (not verifiable without exact number) [90]

The global apparel retail market value was $1.47 trillion in 2022 [91]

The global luxury goods market size reached $407 billion in 2022, impacting risk in premium textiles demand [92]

The global fast fashion market was estimated at $79.5 billion in 2022 [93]

The global sustainable fashion market was expected to be $6.0 billion in 2023 [94]

Global textile waste generation in 2019 was 92 million tonnes [1]

In 2019, 79% of textile waste was landfilled or incinerated [1]

In 2019, only 14% of textile waste was collected for recycling [1]

The share of recycling of textiles (collected for recycling) varied widely by region (2019 report) [1]

In 2019, textiles accounted for about 2.1% of global municipal waste [1]

From 1995 to 2019, global textile fibre production doubled (risk factor for scaling supply) [1]

A 2019 study estimated 53% of produced clothing is thrown away within 10 years [95]

Global used clothing trade reached 1.7 million tonnes in 2018 [1]

In 2018, developed countries exported ~1.2 million tonnes of used textiles [1]

In 2018, emerging economies imported most used textiles [1]

Over 2015-2019, global apparel value increased from $1.1 trillion to $1.47 trillion (risk base for growth/volatility) [85]

In 2022, the global textile industry employed about 29 million people [96]

The ILO estimated that around 60 million workers are employed in textiles and clothing worldwide [97]

The ILO estimates about 40 million people work in the textile industry and about 20 million in clothing [96]

In 2022, the global fashion industry generated 2.1 billion tonnes of GHG? (not verifiable with exact) [41]

In 2021, the EU introduced EPR for textiles with target rates to be defined; EU target for separate collection for textiles set to reach 25% by 2025? (uncertain) [98]

Global textile and apparel market in 2023 is projected to reach $1,270 billion by 2028 (risk planning) [99]

The global textile and apparel market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 4.1% from 2023 to 2030 [99]

Fast fashion market projected CAGR of 9.0% from 2023-2028 [93]

Sustainable fashion market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 9.2% from 2023 to 2030 [94]

In 2022, 4.0% of global population? (not specific) [100]

In the US, textile and apparel production accounted for about 1.3% of US manufacturing output (risk context) [101]

The global textile recycling market was valued at $1.4 billion in 2021 and projected to reach $4.3 billion by 2030 [102]

The EU Circular Economy Action Plan expects textiles to be part of mandatory separate collection from 2025 for municipal? (uncertain) [98]

In 2020, textile and clothing sector accounted for 2.7% of global CO2 emissions (risk emissions) [103]

In 2018, the fashion industry is responsible for 10% of global carbon emissions (widely cited) [104]

In 2015, the apparel industry used 79 trillion liters of water globally (risk water usage) [105]

In 2019, global textiles value chain generated 2.1 billion tonnes of CO2e (risk emissions) [41]

COVID-19 caused global apparel demand to fall by 50%? (not reliably verifiable with exact) [106]

In 2020, ILO estimated 8.9% decline in working hours worldwide, affecting textile and garment workers [107]

In 2020, garment workers faced wage losses; ILO reported about 93% of garment workers in some areas affected (varies by country) [108]

COVID-19 reduced global working hours by 8.8% in 2020 (risk labor shock) [109]

In 2015, global textile and clothing sector generated an estimated 3.6 billion tonnes CO2e (risk climate) [110]

Textile industry uses hazardous substances; no exact [111]

ISO 9001: 2022? not stat [112]

ISO 14001 environmental management certifications: number of certified organizations worldwide was 371,555 in 2022? (uncertain) [113]

ISO 14001 certifications worldwide in 2022 were 375,000 (uncertain) [113]

ISO survey shows number of ISO 9001 certificates was 1,160,000 in 2022 (uncertain) [113]

ISO 45001 certificates worldwide were 5,200? (uncertain) [113]

GRI reporting; sustainability disclosures not numeric by textile; no [114]

SEC climate disclosure requires? no stat [115]

EU Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD) covers large companies and listed SMEs; timeline includes FY 2024 for large companies (risk reporting) [116]

CSRD applies from FY 2024 to large EU undertakings already subject to NFRD (risk) [116]

CSRD applies from FY 2025 to other large undertakings (risk) [116]

CSRD applies from FY 2026 to listed SMEs (risk) [116]

CSRD phase-in date for non-EU undertakings with large turnover in EU: FY 2028 (risk) [116]

EU CSDDD requires risk-based due diligence across value chains; compliance timeline starts for large EU companies in 2027 (risk) [117]

CSDDD timeline: 2027 for 1,000+ employees companies (risk) [117]

CSDDD timeline: 2028 for 500+ employees companies (risk) [117]

CSDDD timeline: 2029 for non-EU undertakings (risk) [117]

UK Modern Slavery Act requires a statement annually (risk) [118]

UK Modern Slavery Act applies to commercial organizations with turnover of £36 million or more (risk) [118]

California SB 657 requires anti-human trafficking policies for employers? (risk) [119]

California SB 657: effective 2022 and requires training annually? (risk) [119]

US SEC proposed climate disclosure rule? (not) [120]

US SEC cyber incident disclosure within 4 business days requirement (risk governance) [69]

ISO 45001 standard number is ISO 45001:2018 (risk governance) [121]

ISO 31000:2018 standard published? (risk governance) [57]

ISO 14001:2015 standard number is ISO 14001:2015 (risk governance) [122]

ISO 9001:2015 standard number is ISO 9001:2015 (risk governance) [123]

Basel operational risk definition: loss event includes internal processes/people/systems/external events (risk governance) [124]

Basel Committee: operational risk capital requirements use standardized approach, basic indicator approach, and advanced measurement approaches (risk governance) [125]

COSO ERM framework was published in 2017? (risk governance) [126]

GHG Protocol corporate accounting and reporting standard requires scope 1-3 categorization (risk governance) [127]

GRI standards version 2021 (risk reporting governance) [128]

TCFD recommended disclosures (risk governance) are based on 4 pillars: governance, strategy, risk management, metrics/targets (risk governance) [129]

EU Taxonomy climate reporting requires disclosure; (risk governance) no stat [130]

Modern Slavery Act turnover threshold £36m (duplicate) [118]

California Transparency in Supply Chains Act requires certain disclosures by large retailers and manufacturers (risk governance) (threshold 50m) [131]

California Transparency in Supply Chains Act applies to companies with >$100 million in annual worldwide gross receipts (risk governance) [131]

Dodd-Frank conflict minerals requires reporting if minerals originate from DRC; threshold? (risk governance) (not textile) [132]

EUDR (EU deforestation regulation) requires due diligence on specified commodities incl. wood/paper; textiles not included directly (risk governance) [133]

EU CSRD affects sustainability reporting: companies must report according to ESRS (risk governance) [134]

ESRS set 12 standards including cross-cutting requirements, environment/social/governance (risk governance) [134]

EU NFRD applies to companies employing >500; CSRD expands (risk governance) [116]

EU NFRD covers large public-interest entities with >500 employees (risk governance) [135]

EU due diligence: Germany Supply Chain Act applies to companies with >3,000 employees from 2024 (risk governance) [136]

Germany Supply Chain Act threshold decreased to >1,000 employees from 2023 (risk governance) [136]

Germany Supply Chain Act requires annual risk analysis, policy measures, and reporting (risk governance) [136]

US EO 14017? (not) [137]

NAFTA? (not) [138]

Global shipping costs increased in 2021; Baltic Dry Index risk measure peaked at ~5,000 in 2021 (risk logistics) [139]

Baltic Dry Index reached 5,650 on May 24, 2021 [139]

Time to ship container from Asia to Europe rose; Freightos/Shanghai to LA? (not exact) [140]

Suez Canal transit risk disruption: Evergreen? (not exact) [141]

In 2021, global container shipping rates peaked; e.g., Shanghai to Los Angeles spot rate exceeded $10,000/FEU (risk) [142]

US sanctions administered by OFAC affects textile sourcing from sanctioned countries; OFAC sanctions list includes thousands entries (risk) [143]

OFAC had 5,000+ sanctions designations (risk); exact number changes [144]

Export Control Classification Number (ECCN) process risk for textile tech; US BIS licensing requirements vary by ECCN (no exact) [145]

WTO: World merchandise trade volume increased by 6.0% in 2021 (risk demand volatility) [146]

WTO: world merchandise trade volume grew 1.0% in 2023 (risk slowdown) [147]

UNCTAD estimated global FDI flows fell 12% in 2023, impacting textile investment [148]

UNCTAD: 2023 global FDI flows were $1.3 trillion (risk) [149]

IMF: World GDP growth 2023 was 3.1% (risk macro) [150]

IMF: World GDP growth forecast for 2024 was 3.2% (risk) [151]

US dollar index (DXY) moved from around 90 in 2021 to >105 in 2022 (FX risk magnitude) [152]

DXY peaked around 114 in March 2022 (FX risk) [152]

European Central Bank: euro area inflation peaked at 10.6% in October 2022 (input cost risk) [153]

UK inflation peaked at 11.1% in October 2022 (cost risk) [154]

US CPI inflation peaked at 9.1% in June 2022 (risk) [155]

China GDP growth was 5.2% in 2022 (risk macro demand) [156]

Bangladesh GDP growth slowed to 7.1% in FY2022/23 (risk labor/investment) [157]

India GDP growth was 7.2% in 2022 (risk) [158]

EU GDP growth was 3.5% in 2022 (risk) [159]

IMF: global inflation (advanced economies) was 6.6% in 2022 (risk) [151]

UNCTAD: global merchandise trade grew by 5.1% in 2022 (risk) [160]

ITC: EU-UK Trade Volume? (not exact) [161]

Lloyd’s Register: shipping risk; (not) [162]

Global sanctions compliance filings; (not exact) [143]

The EU introduced anti-dumping measures; (not exact) [163]

US Section 301 tariffs impacted apparel inputs (risk) [164]

Appended US import tariff rates for textile categories vary from 0% to 37.5% (risk) [165]

WTO: 2022 world merchandise trade was $24.8 trillion (risk volume) [166]

WTO: 2021 world merchandise trade growth was 26.0% (risk rebound) [146]

WTO: 2023 world merchandise trade volume grew 0.9% (risk) [167]

World trade volume forecast for 2024 was 2.6% (risk) [167]

S&P Global: 2023 production disruptions? (not) [168]

In 2020, the number of container ships stuck in Panama? (not exact) [169]

In 2021, the Red Sea route? (not) [141]

Global air cargo volumes fell 5.6% in 2020 (risk logistics) [170]

IATA reported 2020 air freight demand fell 9.4% (risk) [170]

IMF: global supply chain pressures index? (not exact) [171]

In 2022, global freight costs index rose; not exact [172]

Global road freight? (not) [173]

OECD: Road freight activity measure (ton-km) increased; not exact [173]

OECD: Container port throughput risk (no exact) [174]